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TMA 1

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Measurement of trimethylamine concentration and evaluation of pig meat natural quality by a spectrophotometric

Mohammod Abdul HAMID,Xi WANG,Xiangdong DING,Chuduan WANG,Xingbo ZHAO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第3期页码 236-241 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014034

摘要： Pig meat off-flavor is attributed to trimethylamine (TMA) concentration, and it is considered as the precursor of the fishy off-flavor problems. In this study, TMA concentrations in pig meat were determined, and the interactions with breed and gender effects were discussed. In addition, the TMA threshold for meat off-flavor and pig meat natural quality was measured in relation to meat storage and movement, and the influential factors including the pig breed and storage time were discussed. The results indicated positive effects on the precursor of the fishy off-flavor and the TMA threshold. Native breeds were found to have lower TMA concentrations than European breeds ( <0.01), and females and castrated males had significantly lower TMA concentration than males ( <0.01), The threshold concentration of TMA when meat was classed as off-flavored was 25 μg·g , and this occurred after 35–38 h of storage. The natural qualities, such as appearance, flavor, color and overall acceptable scores declined significantly after 4 days in storage ( <0.01). It is concluded that pig meat off-flavor, breed and gender were essential factors affecting flavor for meat breeding programs, and storage time is important for pig meat natural quality.

关键词： pig meat trimethylamine (TMA) influential factor

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新型潜艇作战系统TMA功能设计

任克明,潘悦,王岩

《中国工程科学》 1999年第1卷第3期页码 31-34

摘要：

文章在新型潜艇全综合、分布式作战系统的体系结构下，以声纳信息作为主要信息源，综述了纯方位TMA、多信息融合TMA、方位-多普勒TMA、噪声能量-方位联合估距、与匹配场声源定位相结合等几种实现TMA的方法，在此基础上对TMA功能提出了新设想，初步提出了一种TMA的功能设计。该功能设计从作战系统的角度出发开发TMA功能，充分利用了多传感器获得的信息，以及人的主观判断，增强了TMA的能力，使它能够更好地为指挥员战术决策服务，为武器的发射控制提供更加精确的目标运动要素解算结果。与通常的TMA设计相比，该项设计能够识别目标机动，增加了人机交互功能，并设计了便于观看TMA结果、监视目标机动和执行交互式跟踪改进的TMA显示画面。

关键词：运动目标分析潜艇作战系统显示

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单站无源定位可观测性评述

邓新蒲

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第11期页码 54-62

摘要：

可观测性分析是单观测器无源定位首先要研究的问题，只有当目标状态 (位置、速度等)是完全可观测的，定位和跟踪问题才能有可靠的、唯一的解。从几何方法、代数方程方法、线性系统方法3方面来阐述单站测角无源定位的状态可观性问题，讨论测频单站无源定位问题的可观测性和定量的可观测性，并对近年来这一领域的相关文献的分析方法和结论进行评述。

关键词：无源定位 TMA 可观测性

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FMO3--TMAO axis modulates the clinical outcome in chronic heart-failure patients with reduced ejection fraction: evidence from an Asian population

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期页码 295-305 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0857-2

摘要： The association among plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), FMO3 polymorphisms, and chronic heart failure (CHF) remains to be elucidated. TMAO is a microbiota-dependent metabolite from dietary choline and carnitine. A prospective study was performed including 955 consecutively diagnosed CHF patients with reduced ejection fraction, with the longest follow-up of 7 years. The concentrations of plasma TMAO and its precursors, namely, choline and carnitine, were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the FMO3 E158K polymorphisms (rs2266782) were genotyped. The top tertile of plasma TMAO was associated with a significant increment in hazard ratio (HR) for the composite outcome of cardiovascular death or heart transplantation (HR=1.47, 95% CI=1.13–1.91, P=0.004) compared with the lowest tertile. After adjustments of the potential confounders, higher TMAO could still be used to predict the risk of the primary endpoint (adjusted HR=1.33, 95% CI=1.01–1.74, P=0.039). This result was also obtained after further adjustment for carnitine (adjusted HR=1.33, 95% CI=1.01–1.74, P=0.039). The FMO3 rs2266782 polymorphism was associated with the plasma TMAO concentrations in our cohort, and lower TMAO levels were found in the AA-genotype. Thus, higher plasma TMAO levels indicated increased risk of the composite outcome of cardiovascular death or heart transplantation independent of potential confounders, and the FMO3 AA-genotype in rs2266782 was related to lower plasma TMAO levels.

关键词： chronic heart failure trimethylamine-N-oxide flavin monooxygenase 3 single nucleotide polymorphism